51勛圖厙

The Druze dogma was developed in the 5th / 11th century in Cairo during the reign of the sixth Fatimid caliph al-廎勾�kim.

The founders of this dogma, notably 廎兀mza, were Ismaili missionaries who, in their writings known as��硃梭-廎夕域鳥硃��or the��Ras��尨il 硃梭-廎夕域鳥硃, established a new Ismaili Shi’i doctrine, which parted from the mainstream Fatimid doctrine.

Accused of extremism and exaggeration (ghuluww), the��Druze��movement was then banned from Cairo under the��caliphate��of al-廕���hir, so it only developed in the Syrian mountains. Rural clan leaders in Syria had indeed converted to Druzism during the��餃硃尪滄硃��(1017-1043) and continued to pass on their doctrine secretly until the 9th / 15th century. In this talk, Dr Halawi shows how Druzism was in line with Ismaili doctrine at that time, while developing a substantive law influenced by Sunni��fiqh��and customary law.